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 | ICELAND [Ísland]general data of the country |
| General useful information |
| Note: some data are of constant value, while other are due to changes, fluctuations etc. |
| Nation and population |
| official name (short form): Ísland |
| country code ISO: IS //; - FIPS: IC |
| location: European part of the Northern Atlantic Ocean |
| time zone: 0 UT |
| surface (land) area: 102829 sq.km = 39758 sq.mi //; - area incl. inland waters: sq.km = sq.mi |
| geographical position in extreme co-ordinates: North: 67° N / South: 63° N / East: 13° W / West: 25° W |
| borders (land): none |
| borders (coastline): Northern Atlantic Ocean |
| climate: cool maritime |
| Government |
| independent since: 1944-06-17 |
| type of government: republic |
| capital: Reykjavík |
| administrative division: distrikt (7); into syslur (22); into municipality (224) |
| Population |
| population according to the latest census (1994): 266,978 |
| total population according to the estimate of midyearmidyear 2000: 276,365; 2001: 282,000 |
| population density: 2,7 per sq.km = 7 per sq.mi |
| population growth: 1,1% //; - doubling time: 68 years |
| birth rate: 14,5 - 18,5 per 1000 |
| death rate: 6,5 - 6,9 per 1000 |
| fertility rate: 2 children per female |
| maternal mortality: 5,9 per 100,000 |
| infant mortality (1-4 years): <1 per 1000 |
| life expectancy: 79 years (male: 77; female: 82) |
| age breakdown: 0-14 years: 25% //; - 15-59 years: 61% //; - 60+ years: 14% |
| urbanisation: 92% //; - urbanisation growth: % |
| percentage of urban population in the greatest city: 100% |
| Ethnic composition, language, religion |
| ethnic groups: Icelanders, descendents of Norwegian, Celts: 98%; Swedish 0,5%; Danish 0,4% |
| languages: Islenska [= Icelandic] |
| religious affiliation: Evangelical Lutheran 96% [according to other source: Evangelical Lutheran 89%; other: 11%] |
| Health |
| daily food intake: 3222 calories per capita |
| population with access to safe water: 100% |
| people per physician: 385 |
| people per hospital bed: |
| Education, literacy |
| school enrolment: primary education 6-11 years: 95% |
| school enrolment: secondary education: 65% |
| school enrolment: tertiary education 20-24 years: % |
| adult literacy: virtually 100% (male: %; female: %) |
| Economy and infrastructure |
| Economy and trade |
| currency: Króna = 100 aurar |
| annual inflation rate: 3,2% |
| population below poverty line: % |
| Gross Domestic Product: USD 25680 per capita |
| GNI USD 30390 per capita //; - [ppp: 28710] |
| GDP growth: 1,8% |
| income: USD 21000 per capita |
| import: USD 1751 per capita //; - export: USD 1802 per capita |
| trade: USD 12592 per capita //; - or 53% of GDP |
| trade partners: US GB DE RU NO DK |
| human development index: 0,932 //; - position of the country in the world no.: 7 |
| female labour force: 47% |
| unemployment: 2% |
| tourism: 0,3 million |
| Economic activities in agriculture, fisheries, industry, mining, services, energy |
| land use: arable land: 0,1% //; - grass land: 23% //; - wooded area: 1,2% //; - arid land and desert: ca 70% |
| agriculture: labour force: 10% //; - part of agriculture in GDP: 10% |
| agricultural products: fisheries, potatoes, dried hay, silage, turnips |
| livestock (1000s): cattle: 72 / goats: 0,4 / horses: 74 / pigs: 44 / poultry: 160-186 / sheep: 466 |
| fish catch: 1736267 - 2210000 metric tonnes |
| industry: labour force: 19% //; - part of industry in GDP: 15% |
| industrial products: aluminium, processed fish, printing & publishing, metal products, wood furniture |
| mining products: geothermal energy, diatomite |
| CO2 emission per capita: 7,6 |
| services: labour force: 70% //; - part of services in GDP: 75% |
| energy use (kg per capita): 11434 - 22757 |
| electricity use (per capita): 23110 |
| annual water use (per capita): 636 |
| Traffic, communication |
| road network: 12691 km //; - of which paved: 25% //; - of which are motorways: 0 km |
| vehicles: 464 per 1000 |
| railways: 0 km //; - railways passenger/km: - |
| navigable inland waterways: 0 km |
| ownership telephone: 556 - 677 per 1000 |
| ownership radio receivers: 590 - 950 per 1000 |
| ownership tv-sets: 285 - 447 per 1000 |
| newspaper circulation: 515 per 1000 |
| persons per post office: |
| personal computers: 392 per 1000 |
| Some physical landmarks |
| mountains: Öræfa-Jökull [Hvannadalshnjúkur] 2119 m, Bárðarbunga 2000, Kverkjöll 1920, Snæfell1833; Hekla (volcano) 1447 |
| lowest point: sea level |
| lakes (natural): Þingvallavatn (area 82 sq.km), Myvatn (38 sq.km) |
| lakes (artificial reservoirs): none |
| lakes (deepest): Þingvallavatn (144m) |
| rivers: Þjórsá 230 km, Ölfusá 185 |
| canals: none, or unknown |
| waterfalls: Glymur í Botnsá 190 m, Háifoss 122, Hengifoss 110, Seljalandsfoss 65, Skógafoss 62, Dettifoss 44, Gullfoss 32 |
| caves: longest system: none, or unknown / deepest: |
| islands: Heimaey |
| deserts: none |
| other natural features: geysers, hot springs: Strokkur, Stóri geysir // glaciers: Vatnajökull, Hofsjökull, Langjökull |
| Additional remarks, especially on the statistical information |
| other important features: |
| apart from physical landmarks most of the above figures are changeable, in most cases they date from the 1990's |
| volcanism, geysirs and glaciers; geothermal and hydroelectric energy |
| primary sources used for the general information: |
| BB CA EV PW WA WB WR, and some national statistical yearbooks |
| particulars concerning population data: |
To the page containing the population growth statistics of the country
To the page containing the historical population growth statistics of the provinces
To the page containing urban historical population statistics
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