ETHIOPIA: general data

POPULATION STATISTICS: historical demography of all countries, their divisions and towns

ETHIOPIA

general data of the country

General useful information

Note: some data are of constant value, while other are due to changes, fluctuations etc.

Nation and population

official name (short form): Ityjop'ya

country code ISO: ET (ETH) //; - FIPS: ET

location: Northeast Africa

time zone: + 3 UT

surface (land) area: 1133380 sq.km = 437598 sq.mi //; - area incl. inland waters: 1251282 sq.km = 483123 sq.mi

geographical position in extreme co-ordinates: North: 15° N / South: 3° N / East: 48° E / West: 33° E

borders (land): Eritrea, Djibouti, Somalia, Kenya, Sudan

borders (coastline): none

climate: moderate in the highlands, hot arid in lowlands

Government

independent since: ca 1000 BC ; 1896 ; 1941 ; 1993

type of government: republic

capital: Adis Abeba

administrative division: region (8), towns (2) ; NB: this division is constantly changing

Population

population according to the last two censuses: (1984): 39480,954 or 39868,501 ; (1994): 53477,265

total population according to the estimate of midyear 2000: 64117,452; or: 64298,000 //-; 2001: 64317,000 //-; 2002: 67218,000

population density: 51 per sq.km = 133 per sq.mi

population growth: 2,6% //; - doubling time: 23 years

birth rate: 45 - 48 per 1000

death rate: 18 per 1000

fertility rate: 8 children per female

maternal mortality: 2000 per 100,000

infant mortality (1-4 years): 114 - 124 per 1000

life expectancy: 42 - 45 years (male: 44; female: 46)

age breakdown: 0-14 years: 45% //; - 15-59 years: 50% //; - 60+ years: 5%

urbanisation: 17% //; - urbanisation growth: 7%

percentage of urban population in the greatest city: 37%

Ethnic composition, language, religion

ethnic groups: [ca 80] Galla (Oromo) 31%; Amharic 30%; Sidamo 9%; Tigrinya 9%; Somali 4%; Guage 3%

languages: Amharic, Galla (Orominga), Tirginya, Italian, English, Somali

religious affiliation: Ethiopian orthodox 37 - 53%; Sunnî Muslim 32 - 45%; traditional beliefs 5 - 17%; other Christian 10%

Health

daily food intake: 1805 calories per capita

population with access to safe water: 24%

people per physician: 32650

people per hospital bed:

Education, literacy

school enrolment: primary education 6-11 years: 38-46%

school enrolment: secondary education: 15-16%

school enrolment: tertiary education 20-24 years: 1%

adult literacy: 36% (male: 46-47%; female: 26-31%)

Economy and infrastructure

Economy and trade

currency: Birr (Br) = 100 cents

annual inflation rate: 6 - 7%

population below poverty line: 82%

Gross Domestic Product: USD 100 per capita

GNI USD 100 per capita //; - [ppp: 660 - 780]

GDP growth: 2,4 - 4,6%

income: USD 120 per capita

import: USD 772 per capita //; - export: USD 202 per capita

trade: USD 12 per capita //; - or % of GDP

trade partners: IT CIS US DE JP NL SA CH CN IN GB DJ

human development index: 0,321 //; - position of the country in the world no.: 158 [FW 2003: 169]

female labour force: 41%

unemployment: %

tourism: 0,125 million

Economic activities in agriculture, fisheries, industry, mining, services, energy

land use: arable land: 13% //; - grass land: 41% //; - wooded area: 25% //; - arid land and desert: %

agriculture: labour force: 80% [FW 2002: 82%] //; - part of agriculture in GDP: 47% [FW 2002: 40%]

agricultural products: cereals, sorghum, coffee, cotton, timber, sugar cane, pulses, oilseed

livestock (million): asses: 5 / camels: 1 / cattle: 35 / goats: 17 / horses: 3 / mules: 0,6 / poultry: 55 / sheep: 22

fish catch: 10414 - 15858 metric tonnes

industry: labour force: 8% //; - part of industry in GDP: 13% [FW 2002: 12%]

industrial products: textiles, food processing, chemicals

mining products: oil, gold, platinum, copper, potash, salt

CO2 emission per capita: 0,0 - 0,1

services: labour force: 12% //; - part of services in GDP: 40% [FW 2002: 48%]

energy use (kg per capita): 290

electricity use (per capita): 21

annual water use (per capita): 51

Traffic, communication

road network: 28500 - 39842 km //; - of which paved: 15% //; - of which are motorways: 0 km

vehicles: 1 per 1000

railways: 681, or 782 km //; - railways passenger/km: 277

navigable inland waterways: 0 km

ownership telephone: 3 per 1000

ownership radio receivers: 167 - 202 per 1000

ownership tv-sets: 4 - 6 per 1000

newspaper circulation: 10 per 1000

persons per post office: 97500

personal computers: 1 per 1000

Some physical landmarks

mountains: Ras Dashen Terara 4620 m, Batu 4321, Guma Terara 4231, Guge 4203

lowest point: 116 m below sea level (Afar depression)

lakes (natural): T'ana Hayk, Abaya Hayk, Ziway Hayk, Finch'a'a Hayk, Ch'we Bahir, Abhe, Lake Turkana

lakes (artificial reservoirs):

lakes (deepest):

rivers: Blue Nile, Awash, Tekeze, Akobo, Omo Wenz, Genale Wenz, Shebeli

canals: none

waterfalls: Fincha 155 m

caves: longest system: unknown / deepest:

islands: none

deserts: Ogaden, Haud, Danakil

other natural features:

Additional remarks, especially on the statistical information

other important features:

apart from physical landmarks most of the above figures are changeable, in most cases they date from the 1990's

some data may still include figures of the since 1993-05-24 separated country Eritrea

primary sources used for the general information:

BB CA EV PW WA WB WR, and some national statistical yearbooks

particulars concerning population data:

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next To the page containing the historical population growth statistics of the provinces

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POPULATION STATISTICS: historical demography of all countries, their divisions and towns

general data of the country