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 | ERITREAgeneral data of the country |
| General useful information |
| Note: some data are of constant value, while other are due to changes, fluctuations etc. |
| Nation and population |
| official name (short form): Eritrea |
| country code ISO: ER //; - FIPS: ER |
| location: Northeast Africa |
| time zone: +3 UT |
| surface (land) area: 93679 sq.km = 36170 sq.mi //; - area incl. inland waters: sq.km = sq.mi |
| geographical position in extreme co-ordinates: North: 18° N / South: 12° N / East: 43° E / West: 36° E |
| borders (land): Sudan, Ethiopia, Djibouti |
| borders (coastline): Red Sea |
| climate: subtropical, influenced by altitude |
| Government |
| independent since: 1993-05-24 |
| type of government: republic |
| capital: Asmera (Asmara) |
| administrative division: region (6); formerly - until 1995 -: province (10) |
| Population |
| population according to the latest census (1984): 2703,998; or: 2748,304 |
| total population according to the estimate of midyear 2000: 4135,933; or: 4097,000 // - ; 2001: 3989,000 |
| population density: 44 per sq.km = 113 per sq.mi |
| population growth: 2,7% //; - doubling time: 25 years ; although recently the population tends to decline |
| birth rate: 44 per 1000 |
| death rate: 12 - 16 per 1000 |
| fertility rate: 6,5 children per female |
| maternal mortality: per 100,000 |
| infant mortality (1-4 years): 120 per 1000 |
| life expectancy: 56 years (male: 54; female: 59) |
| age breakdown: 0-14 years: 46% //; - 15-59 years: 48% //; - 60+ years: 6% |
| urbanisation: 19% //; - urbanisation growth: % |
| percentage of urban population in the greatest city: % |
| Ethnic composition, language, religion |
| ethnic groups: Tigrinya 49%; Tigre 32%; Afar 4%; Hedareb 4%; Kunama 3% |
| languages: Tirginya, Tigre, Afar, Arabic, Bilen, Kunama, Nara, Saho, Hadareb, Amharic, Italian |
| religious affiliation: Muslim 69%; Coptic Christian 31%; other (incl. Animist, Roman Catholic, Protestant) |
| Health |
| daily food intake: calories per capita |
| population with access to safe water: 46% |
| people per physician: 48000 |
| people per hospital bed: |
| Education, literacy |
| school enrolment: primary education 6-11 years: % |
| school enrolment: secondary education: % |
| school enrolment: tertiary education 20-24 years: % |
| adult literacy: ca 55% (male: %; female: %) |
| Economy and infrastructure |
| Economy and trade |
| currency: Nakfa = 100 centesimi |
| annual inflation rate: 9% |
| population below poverty line: 53% |
| Gross Domestic Product: USD 120 per capita |
| GNI USD 170 per capita //; - [ppp: 960] |
| GDP growth: 1% |
| income: USD per capita |
| import: USD 423 per capita //; - export: USD 86 per capita |
| trade: USD 104 per capita //; - or % of GDP |
| trade partners: IT ET SA SD |
| human development index: 0,416 //; - position of the country in the world no.: 148 |
| female labour force: 47% |
| unemployment: % |
| tourism: 0,07 million |
| Economic activities in agriculture, fisheries, industry, mining, services, energy |
| land use: arable land: % //; - grass land: % //; - wooded area: 16% //; - arid land and desert: % |
| agriculture: labour force: 80% //; - part of agriculture in GDP: 11 - 17% |
| agricultural products: cereals, roots & tubers, sorghum, lentils, pulses, vegetables, melons, millet, barley, cotton, coffee, tobacco |
| livestock (million): camels: 0,08 / cattle: 2,2 / goats: 1,7 / poultry: 1,2 / sheep: 1,6 |
| fish catch: 7042 metric tonnes |
| industry: labour force: % //; - part of industry in GDP: 17% |
| industrial products: food processing, textiles, beverages (all of small importance) |
| mining products: copper, potash, gold, iron, silver, zinc, oil, silica, granite, marble, salt |
| CO2 emission per capita: |
| services: labour force: % //; - part of services in GDP: 58% |
| energy use (kg per capita): |
| electricity use (per capita): |
| annual water use (per capita): |
| Traffic, communication |
| road network: 3930 - 4010 km //; - of which paved: 21% //; - of which are motorways: 0 km |
| vehicles: 1,5 per 1000 |
| railways: 117 km, but not operating //; - railways passenger/km: - |
| navigable inland waterways: 0 km |
| ownership telephone: 5 - 7 per 1000 |
| ownership radio receivers: 91 per 1000 |
| ownership tv-sets: 6 - 16 per 1000 |
| newspaper circulation: per 1000 |
| persons per post office: 95300 |
| personal computers: 1,6 per 1000 |
| Some physical landmarks |
| mountains: Soira 2989 m, Ira 2817, Suara 2603, Fangaga 2589, Enghershatu 2576 |
| lowest point: sea level |
| lakes (natural): unknown |
| lakes (artificial reservoirs): unknown |
| lakes (deepest): unknown |
| rivers: Baraka, Falkat, Ansebu, Gash, Tekeze |
| canals: none |
| waterfalls: unknown |
| caves: longest system: unknown / deepest: |
| islands: Dahlak archipelago |
| deserts: Danakil |
| other natural features: |
| Additional remarks, especially on the statistical information |
| other important features: |
| apart from physical landmarks most of the above figures are changeable, in most cases they date from the 1990's |
| most available sources at the disposal of the compiler state much figures combined with those of Ethiopia |
| primary sources used for the general information: |
| BB CA EV PW WA WB WR, and some national statistical yearbooks |
| particulars concerning population data: |
| Eritrea is a relative young state; it does not publish much statistical data yet |
To the page containing the population growth statistics of the country
To the page containing the historical population growth statistics of the provinces
To the page containing urban historical population statistics
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Internet website:Latest modification of this page on 2004-02-08 by Jan Lahmeyer
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