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 | PERUgeneral data of the country |
| General useful information |
| Note: some data are of constant value, while other are due to changes, fluctuations etc. |
| Nation and population |
| official name (short form): Peru |
| country code ISO: PE //; - FIPS: PE |
| location: Western South America |
| time zone: -5 UT |
| surface (land) area: 1285216 sq.km = 496225 sq.mi //; - area incl. inland waters: sq.km = sq.mi |
| geographical position in extreme co-ordinates: North: 0° S / South: 18° S / East: 69° W / West: 81° W |
| borders (land): Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile |
| borders (coastline): Pacific Ocean |
| climate: mainly tropical, with several distinct regions with variations in humidity and depending on altitude |
| Government |
| independent since: 1821-07-28 ; 1824 |
| type of government: republic |
| capital: Lima |
| administrative division: departamento (25) |
| Population |
| population according to the latest census (1993): 22048,356, or: 22639,443 |
| total population according to the estimate of midyear 2000: 27012,899; or: 25661,000 /-; 2001: 26347,000, or: 274483,864 |
| population density: 21 per sq.km = 54 per sq.mi |
| population growth: 2% //; - doubling time: 34 years |
| birth rate: 24 - 28 per 1000 |
| death rate: 6 -7 per 1000 |
| fertility rate: 3, 5 children per female |
| maternal mortality: 58,6 per 100,000 |
| infant mortality (1-4 years): 76 per 1000 |
| life expectancy: 70 years (male: 68; female: 73) |
| age breakdown: 0-14 years: 38% //; - 15-59 years: 57% //; - 60+ years: 6% |
| urbanisation: 73% //; - urbanisation growth: 4% |
| percentage of urban population in the greatest city: 40% |
| Ethnic composition, language, religion |
| ethnic groups: Quechua 47%; mestizo 32%; white/creole 12%; Aymara 5%; other Amerindian 2%; other 2% |
| languages: Spanish, Quechua (both official); Aymara |
| religious affiliation: Roman Catholic 89,2%; Protestant 6,6%; other 4,2% |
| Health |
| daily food intake: 2420 calories per capita |
| population with access to safe water: 48% |
| people per physician: 1040 |
| people per hospital bed: |
| Education, literacy |
| school enrolment: primary education 6-11 years: 97% |
| school enrolment: secondary education: 65% |
| school enrolment: tertiary education 20-24 years: 26% |
| adult literacy: 87 - 90% (male: 93%; female: 82%) |
| Economy and infrastructure |
| Economy and trade |
| currency: Nuevo sol = 100 centimos |
| annual inflation rate: 27% |
| population below poverty line: 49% |
| Gross Domestic Product: USD 2040 per capita |
| GNI USD 2080 per capita //; - [ppp: 4660] |
| GDP growth: 3% |
| income: USD 1020 per capita |
| import: USD 9224 per capita //; - export: USD 5575 per capita |
| trade: USD 288 per capita //; - or 30% of GDP |
| trade partners: US DE IT JP AR GB CO CN |
| human development index: 0,743 //; - position of the country in the world no.: 73 |
| female labour force: 31% |
| unemployment: 7% |
| tourism: 1 million |
| Economic activities in agriculture, fisheries, industry, mining, services, energy |
| land use: arable land: 3% //; - grass land: 21% //; - wooded area: 53% //; - arid land and desert: ca 15% |
| agriculture: labour force: 35% //; - part of agriculture in GDP: 8% |
| agricultural products: cotton, fish products, sugar, cocoa, coffee, rice |
| livestock (million): asses: 0,6 / cattle: 4,9 / goats: 2 / horses: 0,7 / lama's: / mules: 0,3 / pigs: 2,8 / poultry: 92 / sheep: 14,7 |
| fish catch: 7880000 - 8429290 metric tonnes |
| industry: labour force: 12% //; - part of industry in GDP: 30% |
| industrial products: processed foods, metal, chemicals, wood products, textiles |
| mining products: copper, silver, zinc, iron ore, lead, crude oil, gold |
| CO2 emission per capita: 1,1 |
| services: labour force: 53% //; - part of services in GDP: 62% |
| energy use (kg per capita): 519 |
| electricity use (per capita): 654 |
| annual water use (per capita): 300 |
| Traffic, communication |
| road network: 78310 km //; - of which paved: 11% //; - of which are motorways: 2495 km [Pan American Highway] |
| vehicles: 17 per 1000 |
| railways: 1903, or 2399 km //; - railways passenger/km: 165 |
| navigable inland waterways: 8600 km |
| ownership telephone: 47 - 67 per 1000 |
| ownership radio receivers: 225 - 273 per 1000 |
| ownership tv-sets: 85 - 147 per 1000 |
| newspaper circulation: 86 per 1000 |
| persons per post office: 28100 |
| personal computers: 41 per 1000 |
| Some physical landmarks |
| mountains: Nevado Huascaran 6768 m, Yerupaja 6634, Coropuna 6425, Ampato 6310, Chachani 6075, Volcan Misti 5822 |
| lowest point: sea level |
| lakes (natural): Lago Titicaca (3810 m above sea-level; the eastern part belongs to Bolivia), Lago di Junin |
| lakes (artificial reservoirs): none, or unknown |
| lakes (deepest): unknown |
| rivers: tributaries to Amazonas: Apurimac, Urubamba, Ucayali, Maranon, Napo, Putumayo; smaller rivers flowing into the Pacific |
| canals: none, or unknown |
| waterfalls: none, or unknown |
| caves: longest system: none, or unknown / deepest: |
| islands: none |
| deserts: an arid coastal region, mainly near Ica |
| other natural features: |
| Additional remarks, especially on the statistical information |
| other important features: |
| apart from physical landmarks most of the above figures are changeable, in most cases they date from the 1990's |
| primary sources used for the general information: |
| BB CA EV PW WA WB WR, and some national statistical yearbooks |
| particulars concerning population data: |
To the page containing the population growth statistics of the country
To the page containing the historical population growth statistics of the provinces
To the page containing urban historical population statistics
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Internet website:Latest modification of this page on 2004-03-01 by Jan Lahmeyer
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