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 | MONGOLIA[Mongol Uls] : |
| General useful information |
| Note: some data are of constant value, while other are due to changes, fluctuations etc. |
| Nation and population |
| official name (short form): Mongol Uls |
| country code ISO: MN //; - FIPS: MG |
| location: Northeast Asia |
| time zone: +8 UT* [*= applying daylight saving time] |
| surface (land) area: 1566500 sq.km = 604826 sq.mi //; - area incl. inland waters: sq.km = sq.mi |
| geographical position in extreme co-ordinates: North: 52° N / South: 42° N / East: 120° E / West: 88° E |
| borders (land): Russian Federation, China |
| borders (coastline): none |
| climate: harsh arid continental |
| Government |
| independent since: 1921-03-13 |
| type of government: republic |
| capital: Ulaanbaatar |
| administrative division: province (21) + autonomous municipality (1) |
| Population |
| population according to the last two censuses (1989): 2043,100 /-; (2000): 2382,500 |
| total population according to the estimate of midyear 2000: 2398,000 /-; 2001: 2416,000 |
| population density: 1,5 per sq.km = 4 per sq.mi |
| population growth: `2% //; - doubling time: 47 years |
| birth rate: 22 - 27 per 1000 |
| death rate: 7 per 1000 |
| fertility rate: 5 children per female |
| maternal mortality: per 100,000 |
| infant mortality (1-4 years): 54 per 1000 |
| life expectancy: 64 years (male: 62; female: 66) |
| age breakdown: 0-14 years: 41% //; - 15-59 years: 54% //; - 60+ years: 5% |
| urbanisation: 63% //; - urbanisation growth: 4% |
| percentage of urban population in the greatest city: 52% |
| Ethnic composition, language, religion |
| ethnic groups: Khalkha Mongol 79%; Kazakh 6%; Dörbet Mongol 3%; Bayat 3%; Buryat Mongol 2%; Dariganga Mongol 2%; Chinese 2%; Russian 2% |
| languages: Khalkha Monogolian, Chinese, Russian |
| religious affiliation: Tibetan Buddhist 96%; Muslim 4% [in certain sources a former kind is also mentioned: Shamanist 31%] |
| Health |
| daily food intake: 2010 calories per capita |
| population with access to safe water: 60% |
| people per physician: 384 |
| people per hospital bed: 132 |
| Education, literacy |
| school enrolment: primary education 6-11 years: 100% |
| school enrolment: secondary education: 81% |
| school enrolment: tertiary education 20-24 years: 8% |
| adult literacy: 89% (male: %; female: %) [later total figure found: 99%] |
| Economy and infrastructure |
| Economy and trade |
| currency: Tugrik = 100 möngö |
| annual inflation rate: 58% |
| population below poverty line: 36% |
| Gross Domestic Product: USD 660 per capita |
| GNI USD 390 per capita //; - [ppp: 1760] |
| GDP growth: -0,3% |
| income: USD 600 per capita |
| import: USD 415 per capita //; - export: USD 473 per capita |
| trade: USD 400 per capita //; - or 93% of GDP |
| trade partners: CIS-countries CN BG DE CS |
| human development index: 0,569 //; - position of the country in the world no.: 116 |
| female labour force: 47% |
| unemployment: 5% |
| tourism: 0,2 million |
| Economic activities in agriculture, fisheries, industry, mining, services, energy |
| land use: arable land: 1% //; - grass land: 79% //; - wooded area: 9% //; - arid land and desert: ca 10% |
| agriculture: labour force: 40% //; - part of agriculture in GDP: 16% |
| agricultural products: cereals, potatoes, vegetables, timber |
| livestock (1000s): camels: 360 / cattle: 3000 / goats: 10270 / horses: 2800 / pigs: 15 / poultry: 58 / sheep: 13876 |
| fish catch: metric tonnes |
| industry: labour force: 21% //; - part of industry in GDP: 33% |
| industrial products: food processing, textiles, chemicals, leather & footwear, construction materials |
| mining products: oil, coal, copper, uranium, fluorspar, tungsten, tin, gold, molybdenum, phosphates |
| CO2 emission per capita: 3,3 |
| services: labour force: 39% //; - part of services in GDP: 51% |
| energy use (kg per capita): 1240 |
| electricity use (per capita): |
| annual water use (per capita): 273 |
| Traffic, communication |
| road network: 11180, or 49250 km //; - of which paved: 11% //; - of which are motorways: 0 km |
| vehicles: 11 per 1000 |
| railways: 1807, or: 2083 km //; - railways passenger/km: 830 |
| navigable inland waterways: 397 km |
| ownership telephone: 32 - 39 per 1000 |
| ownership radio receivers: 74 - 194 per 1000 |
| ownership tv-sets: 59 - 63 per 1000 |
| newspaper circulation: 88 per 1000 |
| persons per post office: 6430 |
| personal computers: 13 per 1000 |
| Some physical landmarks |
| mountains: Mönh Hayrhan Uul 4362 m, Cast Uul 4208, Türgün Uul 4116, Sutay Uul 4090, Otgon Tenger Uul 4031 |
| lowest point: 583 m in the Eastern tip at the borders of the lake Buyr Nuur |
| lakes (natural): Uvs Nuur, Hövsgö Nuur, Dörgön Nuur, Har Us Nuur, Buyr Nuur |
| lakes (artificial reservoirs): none, or unknown |
| lakes (deepest): unknown |
| rivers: Dzavhan Gol, Kerulen, Selenge Mörön, Orhon Gol |
| canals: none, or unknown |
| waterfalls: none, or unknown |
| caves: longest system: none, or unknown / deepest: |
| islands: none |
| deserts: Gobi |
| other natural features: |
| Additional remarks, especially on the statistical information |
| other important features: |
| apart from physical landmarks most of the above figures are changeable, in most cases they date from the 1990's |
| due to the very dry and cold winters lately the number of livestock has fallen dramatically |
| primary sources used for the general information: |
| BB CA EV PW WA WB WR, and some national statistical yearbooks |
| particulars concerning population data: |
To the page containing the population growth statistics of the country
To the page containing the historical population growth statistics of the provinces
To the page containing urban historical population statistics
Back to the homepage of this website: POPULATION STATISTICS
Internet website:Latest modification of this page on 2004-02-27 by Jan Lahmeyer
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